Intususcepción apendicular por foco endometriósico: un caso clínico / Appendiceal intussusception caused by endometriosis: a clinical case

Resumen Objetivo: Reportar el caso de una paciente con intususcepción apendicular (IA), condición infrecuente, secundario a foco de endometriosis, patología que en los últimos años ha presentado un aumento en su incidencia. Material y Método: Historia clínica, imágenes preoperatorias e intraoperatorias obtenidas de la ficha clínica. Resultados: Mujer de 35 años con dolor abdominal crónico de 4 meses de evolución. Se realiza estudio colonoscópico evidenciando lesión de 15 x 8 mm en ostium apendicular intususceptada al lumen cecal, y enteroclisis por tomografía axial computarizada (TC) que confirma IA. Se realiza una resección ileocecal laparoscópica demostrando la invaginación del apéndice con biopsia que muestra un foco de endometrioma. Discusión: La IA es una condición infrecuente con una incidencia cercana al 0,01% en la población general. Las patologías benignas son la principal causa (77%), siendo la endometriosis la causa más frecuente. Conclusión: La IA por endometriosis es anecdótica, con sintomatología poco específica. Los estudios disponibles pueden orientar adecuadamente la presencia de IA, sin embargo, en algunas ocasiones puede confundirse con patologías neoplásicas, donde cobra importancia la cirugía para dilucidar la etiología.

Objective: To report the case of a patient with appendicular intussusception (AI), an infrequent condition secondary to a focus of endometriosis, a pathology that has increased incidence in recent years. Material and Method: Clinical case, history and images obtained from the clinical file and intraoperative records with the consent of the patient. Results: A 35-year-old woman with abdominal pain. Colonoscopy study showing a 15 × 8 mm lesion in the appendicular ostium intussuscepted to the cecal lumen, and a computerized tomography (CT) enteroclysis confirming AI. A laparoscopic ileocecal resection is performed, demonstrating invagination of the appendix secondary to an endometrioma focus. Discussion: AI is a rare condition, with an incidence close to 0.01% in the general population. Benign pathologies are the main cause (77%), endometriosis being the most frequent cause. Conclusion: AI due to endometriosis is anecdotal, with unspecific symptoms. The available studies can adequately guide the presence of AI, however, on some occasions it can be confused with neoplastic pathologies, where surgery is important to elucidate the etiology.

Mucocele apendicular gigante: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Giant appendiceal mucocele: case report and review of the literature

El mucocele apendicular (MA) corresponde a una dilatación quística del lumen apendicular rellena por mucus en su interior; secundario a etiologías de naturaleza benigna (hiperplasia mucinosa y cistoadenoma) o maligna (cistoadenocarcinoma).Se trata de una condición infrecuente, reportándose en no más allá del 0,3 por ciento de las apendicectomías. Su tamaño y manifestaciones clínicas son extremadamente variables, permitiendo el estudio anatomo-patológico de la pieza quirúrgica establecer el diagnóstico etiológico. Presentamos el caso de un MA gigante secundario a un cistoadenoma mucinoso, diagnosticado en un hombre de 57 años en la Unidad de Anatomía Patológica del Hospital Hernán Henríquez Aravena de Temuco...

Appendiceal mucocele (AM) is a cystic dilatation of the appendiceal lumen filled by mucus inside, secondary to benign etiologies (hyperplasia and mucinous cystadenoma) or malignant (cystadenocarcinoma). This condition is uncommon, being reported in no more than 0.3 percent of appendectomies. Its size and clinical manifestations are extremely variable, allowing the pathological analysis of the surgical specimen etiologic diagnosis. We report a case of a giant AM secondary to a mucinous cystadenoma diagnosed in a 57-year-old man in the Pathology Unit of Hospital Hernán Henríquez Aravena of Temuco...

Necrosis isquémica del cecoascendente / Ischemic necrosis of the right colon

Antecedentes: La necrosis isquémica o infarto del cecoascendente es una entidad rara, asociada frecuentemente a patologías extracolónicas, como las afecciones cardiológicas, metabólicas (diabetes), trastornos renales crónicos en pacientes en plan de hemodiálisis y traumatismos abdominales con shock hipovolémico. No es frecuente la necrosis isquémica del cecoascendente como único sector involucrado del colon. Objetivo: Analizar factores predisponentes y desencadenantes que contribuyen a la isquemia del cecoascendente, su forma de presentación y su sintomatología. Analizar la utilidad de los exámenes complementarios y definir la táctica quirúrgica adecuada. Diseño: Análisis retrospectivo. Pacientes y Método: En el período comprendido entre los años 1980 y 2005, se trataron en el Complejo Médico Churruca-Visca, ocho pacientes con diagnóstico de necrosis del cecoascendente como único sector colónico involucrado. Cinco (62,5 por ciento) correspondieron al sexo masculino y tres (37,5 por ciento) al femenino. Las edades oscilaron entre los 38 y 80 años con un promedio de 62 años. Cinco pacientes tenían una insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva tratada con diuréticos y digitálicos y tres una insuficiencia renal crónica en plan de hemodiálisis. El cuadro dominante de presentación fue el dolor en la fosa ilíaca derecha con reacción peritoneal. Como estudios preoperatorios se efectuaron análisis de sangre, radiografías de tórax y abdomen, ecografía abdominal y en cuatro casos tomografía axial computada. Todos los pacientes fueron explorados quirúrgicamente, hallando en dos casos necrosis cecal y en los restantes necrosis del cecoascendente. Dos pacientes presentaban una peritonitis purulenta localizada y los restantes una generalizada. Resultados: Se realizó exteriorización de la lesión cecal (cecostomía) en tres pacientes y una hemicolectomía derecha en los otros cinco casos. En estos últimos, en tres se exteriorizaron ambos cabos y en dos se realizó una anastomosis ileotr

Granuloma of the appendiceal stump. An unusual cause of right hemicolectomy

Granuloma of the appendiceal stump is not a common surgical entity. However, hemorrhage which may lead to right hemicolectomy is rare in fact. We report this case, in order to avoid this kind of overtherapy

Doença de Crohn isolada do apêndice cecal como causa de enterorragia / Crohn's disease isolated of the appendix as a source of enterorrhagia

RACIONAL: A doença de Crohn isolada do apêndice é doença de paciente jovem, relativamente rara, com quadro histopatológico semelhante ao da doença de Crohn típica. Seu quadro clínico, em geral, simula o da apendicite aguda, com manifestações protraídas e na palpação do abdome, além dos sinais de irritação peritonial, nota-se com freqüência, um tumor palpável. OBJETIVO: Apresentar um caso de doença de Crohn isolada do apêndice que se manifestou por enterorragia e cuja origem foi identificada pela colonoscopia. PACIENTE: Masculino, com 16 anos de idade, sem outras manifestações digestivas apresentou dois episódios de enterorragia com intervalo de cerca de 1 ano. No segundo episódio, a colonoscopia identificou o sangramento como proveniente do óstio apendicular. RESULTADO: Indicada a exploração cirúrgica, constatou-se que o ceco e o íleo eram normais e que o apêndice cecal estava com sinais inflamatórios e bloqueado pelo omento, realizando-se a apendicectomia. O exame anatomopatológico revelou tratar-se de processo inflamatório crônico com infiltrado linfoplasmocitário e granulomas esparsos, sugestivo de doença de Crohn. Em acompanhamento clínico, não apresentou manifestações de doença digestiva e a colonoscopia, realizada após 2 anos, não mostrou evidências de recidiva ou propagação da doença para o íleo. CONCLUSAO: Neste caso, como nos demais relatados na literatura, a apendicectomia é possivelmente curativa, devendo o paciente ser acompanhado, pelo menos, por 5 anos. No diagnóstico diferencial das enterorragias em pacientes jovens, a doença de Crohn isolada do apêndice também pode ser considerada.

Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park, South Korea

A 7-year-old Thoroughbred horse was admitted to the Equine Hospital, Korea Racing Association with signs of colic. Based on the size of impactions, the clinical signs, the results of abdominal paracentesis and medical treatment, the prognosis was poor. The horse died 3 hours later following hopeless discharge. At necropsy, the caecum and large colon were fully filled with fecal contents and there was a rupture (10 cm in dia) in the latero- ventral caecum. The mucosa of the ileo-caecal and caeco- colic valves appeared to the hyperemic, edematous and ulcerous. There were many tapeworms in the affected mucosa. Histopathologically, lesions included hyperaemia, a deep necrotic inflammatory lesion and ulcers in the mucosa and submucosa of ileo-caecal and caeco-colic valves. One hundred thirty four faecal samples were obtained from 16 stables and submitted to parasitic examination. A total of 4 genera of eggs were recovered: Stongylus spp (82.1%), Anoplocephala perfoliata (10.5%), Bovicola equi (0.7%) and Parascaris equorum (1.5%). The major findings in this study are the presence of A perfoliata and its suspected association with the colic which led into an eventual caecal rupture. This study indicates the needs for an epidemiological survey of colic that is associated with Anoplocephala.

Ulcera cecal inespecífica en una paciente con insuficiencia renal crónica en programa de hemodiálisis: caso clínico / Unspecific cecal ulcer in a patient undergoing hemodialysis for chronic renal failure: clinical case

We report a 65 years old female undergoing hemodialysis, presenting with intense pain in the lower right quadrant and moderate hematochezia. Since symptoms did not abate after an appendectomy, a colonoscopy and barium enema were performed, whose results suggested an advanced cecal carcinoma. Biopsies were negative for cancer. A new surgical abdominal exploration disclosed a cecal inflammatory and transmural lesion. A right colectomy was performed and the patient had a satisfactory postoperative evolution. Pathological study of the surgical piece showed a six cm perforated profound ulceration and a two cm ulcer. Both had precise limits. Unspecific cecal ulcers are rare entities that must be born in mind in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain or hematochezia, specially in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis

Cecal volvulus after laparoscopic liver biopsy

Laparoscopic surgery has become widely accepted due to its benefits of less post-operative pain and shorter hospital stay. As with any other new technique, there are associated inherent complications. We present a case of cecal volvulus after laparoscopic liver biopsy. This is the first case reported in the literature of cecal volvulus secondary to laparoscopy

Fulminant amoebic colitis: a cause of caecal perforation

This is a report of caecal perforation, an infrequent complication of fulminant amoebic colitis, in a 51 year old man who was being treated with steroids for bronchial asthma. A right hemicolectomy was performed followed by the administration of metronidazole for 14 days which Resulted in a completed recovery

Spontaneous appendicocutaneous fistula.

Spontaneous appendicocutaneous fistula is a rare complication of appendicitis. We report a case of appendicular carcinoid who presented with appendicocutaneous fistula.

Tiflitis neutropénica en niños / Neutropenic typhlitis in children

Introducción. La tiflitis es una colitis necrozante con inflamación del ciego en pacientes neutropénicos, usualmente diagnosticada en la autopsia. Material y métodos. identificamos 18 niños hospitalizados en el Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez en un período de 10 años, con presencia de fiebre, dolor e hipersensibilidad abdominal sugestiva de tiflitis neutropénica. Resultados. Ocho de los 18 pacientes tenían evidencia radiológica de tiflitis en las radiografías de abdomen. Todos los pacientes presentaron neutropenia al momento del diagnóstico y 9 tenían bacteriemia documentada. Los 18 pacientes fueron tratados con diversos antibióticos, 4 de ellos sometidos a cirugía y 1 a colonoscopia. Once pacientes murieron, 10 se mejoraron médicamente y 1 quirúrgicamente. En orden de frecuencia, la tiflitis fue identificada en 9 pacientes con leucemia aguda no linfoide, en 6 con leucemia aguda linfoide; en 1 con anemia aplásica, neutropenia cíclica y carcinoma renal, respectivamente. Sólo 4 pacientes recibieron factor estimulador de colonias de granulocitos; y en todos los pacientes que sobrevivieron se observó un aumento de leucocitos polimorfonucleares a más de 500/mm3 documentado entre el cuarto y el décimosexto día de manejo médico y/o quirúrgico. Conclusiones. Recomendamos que ante un paciente con fiebre y neutropenia, con dolor e hipersensibilidad abdominal, además de datos como diarrea hematemesis se debe plantear como diagnóstico tiflitis neutropénia e instaurarse el manejo general y específico que incluye la valoración quirúrgica

Lestumeurs inflammatoires ileo-coecales: [a propos de 24 cas]

The tumoral pathology of the ileocecal junction is very vast. The problem that cause these tumors are difficult at all the stages of their examination: about the clinic complete physical examination, the radiologic exploration, the evolution the operatory indication, as well as the anatomopathologic examination. if the frequent neoplasic lesion are well known by the inflammatory tumors which are rare. We collected during 14 years from 1974 to 1987, 24 observations of ileocecal inflammatory tumors our objective is a perfection of the matter insisting particularly on the diagnostic difficulties and by way of therapeutic consequence

Intestinal malrotation in adults.

Intestinal malrotation presenting with abdominal problems are not common beyond the neonatal period. An adolescent or adult harboring this anomaly may suffer from delay in diagnosis and inappropriate treatment including surgery. We report three patients, aged 17, 31 and 50 years, with intestinal malrotation presenting as an appendicular problem (2) and chronic abdominal pain (1). The former mode of presentation has not been reported so far.

Ileo-caeco-colic intussusception due to extensive benign lymphoid hyperplasia of the ileo-caecal region (a case report).

An unusual case of extensive benign lymphoid hyperplasia of the ileo-caecal region causing ileo-caeco-colic intussusception is presented here, with a review of relevant literature. The diagnosis of intussusception was reached with the help of an abdominal ultrasound and barium enema. Histopathology of the resected specimen, revealed lymphoid hyperplasia.